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THE ONYM NELYUDSKY OSTROG (NERCHINSKY OSTROG), NIKAN TSARSTVO AND CHINESE GOU-GO IN THE ASPECTS OF CIVILIZATION PROCESSES ON THE TERRITORY OF NORTHERN ASIA // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2014. Issue 2 (4). P. 42-51

The paper deals with the ethno linguistic discourse of some proper names of medieval origin from the perspective of cross-cultural and cross-linguistic contacts of the two types of ethnoses – the nomadic pastoralist and non-nomadic. The proper names are considered to code intercultural specificity of the ethnic mind, as well as to reveal the crosscultural peculiarities inside the semantic field of onyms.

Keywords: Nelyudsky Ostrog, Nerchinsky Ostrog, Nikan Tsarstvo, Chinese Gou-Go, “dog-headed” people, Nicans, “gromovnik”, Konursky tribe of Tungus, nonhumans/ half-people, State Archive of Zabaikalsky Kray, fratrial names of kets Kentan or Khanta

KET PROPER NAMES IN THE ONOMASTIC SYSTEM OF EASTERN TRANSBAIKAL // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2015. Issue 1 (7). P. 32-42

The abstract is devoted to the first verbal presentation of Ket proper names in onoma system of Eastern Transbaikalye. The substrate hydronimic names are presented and described, which verbal root can be explained by the ket terms. They are ul’/ul ‘river’, Arin terms set and sat, kott shet ‘river; brook’, which are represented by regional toponims. Ethnotoponims like Assan, Kott, Ulyatsky genonimic of Tungus and Bodonguut tribal name of khori-Buryat represent the ancient community on the territory of historical Dauria, connected with Ket.

Keywords: Ket toponimic substrate, genonimic names of Tungus and khori-Buryat, documents of State Archive of Transbaikal Krai, synchronic correlates in the system of local geographic terminology, Bogdojtsy, Nikans, Bogdeideng, Khanta, Ol’gyt, Ulyat tribe of Nerchin

ONYMS KHAMNIGAN AND SAMOYED AS ALLOETHNONYM AND ETHNONYM // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2018. Issue 3 (21). P. 87-96

The paper briefly presents the linguistic reasons of correlation between the onym Khamnigan as alloethnonym of people of Tungus origin among the eastern group of Buryat and the ancient ethnonym Samoyed – the name of Samoyedic tribes and peoples of medieval Siberia. Alloethnonym Khamnigan as an onym, consisting of two components, it has a final element -nigan, which is considered to originate from tribal Nikan – population of Nikan state or the state of dog-headed people Gou-Go. The root of alloethnonym Khamnigan Kham- may be correlated with the radix Sam- of the ethnonym Samoyed. In this case the historical alternation of consonants h- // s- is revealed, typical both for Samoyedic and Mongol languages. Investigation gives an opportunity to propose the identity of alloethnonym Khamnigan and ethnonym Samoyed, which originated under the influence of local contact languages – Chinese and Tungus- Man’chzhu, also observed in other local languages such as – Ket, Nenets and Buryat.

Keywords: Alloethnonym Khamnigan, Aginsk Buryat, Khori-Buryat, nikan, Nikan state, Nelyudsky (Nerchinsk) Ostrog, Gou-Go, dog-headed people, etymology, contact languages, Nerchinsky uezd, Khorinsk Steppe duma, over-log-grave burial constructions in the form of «hous

SEL’KUP-KHAMNIGAN-BURYAT LEXICAL CORRESPONDENCES // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2021. Issue 1 (31). P. 21-33

The article describes the presence of Samoyed-Mongolian language contacts on the example of the common vocabulary of the Sel’kup, Khamnigan dialect of the Buryat language and the literary Buryat language. Both lexical and semantic correspondences of Sel’kup, Khamnigan and Buryat words were found. This suggests the problem of studying the nature of these correspondences, both in terms of the ethno-linguistic substrate and in terms of language borrowings as a result of long-term contacts. The lexica taken from the Khamnigan-Russian dictionary, compiled and being based on field records of well-known Buryat educator Tsyben Zhamtsarano’s collection of folklore texts “Sacred tales of the Ononsky khamnigans” in1911. We reveal the problem through phonological correlations. The so-called “K-speech” of Khamnigans suggests that this dialect represents the “intermediate” language, or the “space-time bor-der” in the historical development of the Buryat language. For example, a comparison of khamnigan kubke (n), kobko(n) ‘forest moss’ and Buryat khubhe(n) ‘moss’ reveals an alternation of k- // x-, typical for Sel’kup kalderko ~ kaltyryko ‘walk; wander; run’ and Buryat haltirkha ‘slip; slide; sledge’. The results of the Samoyedic onomastic substrate of Eastern Transbaikalia allow us to confirm thesis of the tribal names Samoyed and Khamnigan as one and the same onoma. We suppose the so-called “khamnigan” past of the Buryats, i. e. Samoyed, is an intermediate link, which simultaneously explains the ethnogenetic origin of the Mongolian-speaking Buryats. A detailed study of the correspondence of the common vocabulary of two unrelated languages (which does not exclude the hypothesis of the Ural-Altaic language union) allows, first, to keep in mind the presence of the Turkic-language basis as a common one, and secondly, confirms the presence of typologically determined linguistic phenomena of both Sel’kup and Buryat languages in the field of phonology and grammar.

Keywords: Selkup language, khamnigan dialect, Buryat language, lexical and semantic correspondences, “intermediate” language, typology of verb forms, phonological similarities

TRIBAL NAME OF LUNIKERSKY OF THE NERCHINSK TUNGUS: PRE-ETHNONYMOUS AND PROPER ETHNONYMIC MEANINGS AND LINGUISTIC ORIGIN OF THE ONYMA // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2022. Issue 3 (37). P. 42-54

The article is focused on the description of the tribal name of Lunikersky – the name of the Tungus ethnic groups living in the Nerchinsk district of the 19th century. To study its ethno-linguistic background, the author applies comparative historical linguistics and examines extralinguistic facts from documents in the State Archive of the Trans-Baikal Territory. These documents reveal information about the size of the clan and their economy, which made it possible to assume that their had more diverse life rather than reindeer herding. The tribal name of Lunikersky is ambiguous in terms of its ethno-linguistic affiliation, and the article suggests two possible meanings for it. The first possibility is that the name has an Ob-Ugric ethno-linguistic origin, as suggested by the personal tamgas-seals of the Luniker clan elders, which depict images of fish and squirrels. The second possibility is that the name is connected to the northern Samoyed lexeme for “eagle”, which is supported by linguistic and extralinguistic data. The article also discusses the ethnic and linguistic diversity of the Tungus population in the Nerchinsk district, noting that the Lunikersky may be an alloethnonym for the Tungus-Manchurian tribes of the past.

Keywords: genonym Lunikersky, Tunguses of Nerchinsk, Urulga Steppe Duma, State Archive of the Trans- Baikal Territory, eagle-totem ancestor, Nganasan language, tamga of the elder of the clan

Pegaya (Motley) Horde or Boma: the semantics of onym and the conceptual meaning // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2023. Issue 2 (40). P. 49-64

The article is devoted to another attempt to determine the ethnolinguistic affiliation of one of the most enigmatic polytonyms of pre-Russian Siberia – Pegaya Horde as a name for the entire population of a given territory, without taking into account their ethnic, linguistic, and cultural identity. Under the politonym, Pegaya Horde all nomadic peoples of Siberia were united in the post-Mongol era. In the pre-Mongol (or Mongol) era, Chinese chronicles recorded the polytonym Boma “skewbald” (驳-马 [bo-ma] 'skewbald (spotted) horse') or Alakchin (as well as Alats) as the name of a particular tribe that had skewbald (different, motley ) horses. If the first part of the socionym Pegaya Horde is conceptually connected with Boma, Alakchin, Alats, and the Olkhonud tribe of Mongols, the base of which is connected with the Altaic appellative alag / alha 'motley, piebald,' then the second part of the socionym – Horde, is connected with the Mongolian ard '1'. arat, worker; people; ard tumen parn. people'. The mysterious Boma's localization corresponds to the Mongol ecumene area, which geographically coincides with the northeastern part of the modern Transbaikalian territory, including the northern areas of China – Manchuria, Khulunbuir and Hailar. An analysis of the meaning of these onyms, usually associated with Mongol ecumenism, allowed us to assume that the Olkhonүүd onym of the Mongols, as well as Boma, Alakchin and Alat ('s), have a Samoyedic origin. Note that the term "motley" is ethnographically embedded in key images of the Buryat-Mongol world. In addition, we have compared the synonymous Boma onym as hetsy (or khela), recorded by Chinese chroniclers as another name for the Boma people, with the genonym Huatsai / Hoatsai Khori-Buryat. The genonym Huatsay / Hoatsay as the name of one of the largest clans of the eastern group of the Buryats – the Khori- Buryats – has a similar meaning to the anthroponym KHASAEV, which was recorded in the census of the indigenous people of the Irkutsk province of Aginsky Steppe Duma for 1830 and is the personal name of the Buryats of the Huatsay clan. We compare the name KHASAEV (in the name of KHASA) in the Buryat census for 1830 with the Nenets Khasyo, but without excluding the possibility of comparing this historical anthroponym with the proper name of the Nenets – Khasava '1) male; khasava Ҋatseky boy'; hasava nu 'son.' Further analysis of this personal name KHASAEV made it possible to compare its meaning with the Nenets hasho '1. figurative man; 2. (with a capital) Hasyo (masculine proper name)', which suggests to us that the genonym Huatsai was formed from this name, which was once an eponym. The Samoyedic-speaking beginning (and some Ket-speaking tribes) is observed in the genonymy of the Khori-Buryats and Tungus of Gantimur in the Nerchinsk district of the 17th–19th centuries as the autochthonous population of the historical Dauria of the Russian period in the history of Eastern Transbaikalia. Based on the onomasiological approach, the method of conceptual metaphor as an effective method, coupled with the method of conceptual metonymy, was constructive and allowed to describe the pre-ethnonymic and self-ethnonymic meanings of historical onyms in the projection of nomadism, which have a self-descriptive (including Ket ) ethnolinguistic origin.

Keywords: Boma, Pegaya Horde, Alakchin, Olkhonүүd of the Mongols, Chinese hetsy, genonym Huatsai / Hoatsai Hori-Buryat, revisionary narratives of 1830, piebald, Samoyedic-speaking tribes, “motley”

The Secrets of the Taras Settlements of the Historical Past of the Nomadic Confederations of North Asia // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2024. Issue 3 (45). P. 81-91

The article aims to raise the question of the existence of a deep and, therefore, unexplored Uralic Adstratum in the historiography of the nomadic confederation of the epoch of a certain area – Eastern Transbaikalia. The article is devoted to little-studied topics, the range of which is very wide, as they are related to the results of regional archeology and regional historical onomastics. In connection with the aim of clarifying the issues of cultural genesis and ethnogenesis of the Buryats by providing an example of understanding related sciences, the article attempts to solve a number of problems. First, the article describes the etymology of oikonyms, the topological basis of which is connected with the Dagur language. The names of the settlements (oikonyms) illustrate the Daurian historical period of Eastern Transbaikalia. Secondly, the article attempts to connect the unclear aspects of regional studies with historical onomastics using the example of archeological cultures. Toponyms, which in their possible meaning reveal a connection between the ancient Mongolian tribes and a very distant period, illustrate the presence of fortified settlements – taras’. Thirdly, this article aims to comprehensively understand the presence of adstrate-substrate elements of a particular zone as an area of the diachronic Ural-Altai language union due to the contact of different ethnic elements. The stratigraphy of the toponymic substrate and adstratum makes it possible to declare the presence, in addition to the Ob-Ugric substrate, of a deeper adstratum that reveals a connection with the Ural-speaking tribes of Tartaria. The article contains a comprehensive description of the results of regional archeology (including Lake Baikal) and regional onomastics, which makes it possible to assess the scientific value of the question of the ethnolinguistic origin of the era of the ancient Mongolian tribes of the so-called White Tatars. The unknown White Tatars, who belonged to nomadic confederations, are perhaps those mysterious inhabitants of North Asia, from whom the practice of building fortified settlements – Kars and Taras – as well as palace complexes – the Konduisky Palace – has been preserved.

Keywords: fortified settlements – Taras, Kondui Palace, Dagur language, Burkhotuy, Darasun archeological cultures, toponyms, Eastern Transbaikalia, Tartary, White Tatars