THE POETIC OF TEXTS OF SHOR SHAMAN RITUAL

Arbachakova Ljubov Nikitovna, Kuz’mina E.. N..

DOI: 10.23951/2307-6119-2018-2-75-79

Information About Author:

Arbachakova L. N., senior researcher, Candidate of Science. Institute of Philology of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Av. Akademika Lavrentieva, 17, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090. E-mail: anzass@mail.ru Kuz’mina E. N., senior researcher, Doctor of Science. Institute of Philology of the Siberian Division=7 of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Av. Akademika Lavrentieva, 17, Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090. E-mail: kuzmina.evgenia2010@yandex.ru

The article uses examples of the shamanic texts of Shor people to analyze artistic-visual approaches as well as archaic and shamanic vocabulary. We also compare the shamanic texts to heroic legends. The language of shamans is full of allegories, similes, and epithets. A characteristic artistic feature of the shamanic texts is the abundance of additional items that do not have any semantic value but perform constructive functions that support the rhythm. Throughout the shamanistic ritual (kamlanie), all the texts are accompanied by interjections. The shamanic texts also contain borrowed Russian words associated with household items, such as kitchenware, from which the surrounding spirits partake. The borrowed Russian words found in the heroic legends indicate the degradation of the epic tradition and disappearance of this genre. The stylistic expressiveness of the kamlanie ritual is enhanced through the usage of paired words. An important role in the poetics of shamanism belongs both to simple epithets that consist of a single definitive word and expanded ones that include two or three words. As a rule, the epithets found in the ritual (kamlanie) are related to the sacred otherworld: "magic doors" – arba jezhik; "rusty grips of the land" – tapty tudalyғ jezhigiӊ. Along with geographic objects (mountains, rivers, villages, towns) and real animals, the shamanic texts include the names of mythical characters and places. The main shamanic characters (a deity – Ülgen; a domestic thirty-headed Mother Fire – odus pashtyғ ot Enezi, helper spirits, mythical animals, etc.), as well as mythological objects and animals in the ritual (kamlanie) are characterized by numbers, colors, etc. The artistic language of shamans awaits its researchers.

Keywords: Shor shamans, mythological characters, spirits-helpers, poetics, epithets, Russism

References:

Аlekseev N. А. Shamanizm turkoyazychnykh narodov Sibiri [Shamanism of Turk language peoples of Siberia]. – Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1984. – 232 s. (in Russian)

Arbachakova L. N., Kuz’mina E. N. Shorskiy epos: priznaki ugasanlja tradizii. [Shor epos: signs of dying away of traditions]. Jazyki I folklor korennyh narodov Sibiri. – Novosibirsk, 2014. – S. 68–72. (in Russian)

Verbitskij V. I. Аltajskije inorodzy [Altay natives] – Moscow, 1893 (reprint publish Gorno-Altajsk, 1993) – 268 s. (in Russian)

Butanaev V. Y. Khakassko-russkiy istoriko-etnograficheskiy slovar' [Khakas-Russian ethnographical dictionary]. – Abakan: Khakasskoe knizhnoe izd-vo Publ., 1999. – 237 s. (in Russian).

Potapov L. P. Аltayskiy shamanizm [Altai shamanism]. – Leningrad: Nauka, 1991. – 319 s. (in Russian)

Nazarenko R. B., Аrbachakova L. N. Shamanskaja tradizija shorzev: myzyka i poetika [Shaman tradition of Shor people: music and poetic]// Altaj i zentraljnaja Azija: Kulturno-istoricheskaja preemstvennost. – Gorno-Altajsk, 1999. – S. 261–263. (in Russian)

Simchit K.-M. Leksika shamaniz v tuvinskom jazyke [Vocabulary of shamanism in Tuvin language]: avtoref. dis. … kand. filologicheskih nauk. – M., 2010. (in Russian)

Sychenko G. B. Tipologija shamanskogo.intonirovanija shorzev // Narodnaja kultura Sibiri: Materialy X nauchn.-praktich. Ceminara Sibirskogo regionalnogo vuzovskogo zentra po folkloru. – Omsk, 2001. – S. 82–87. (in Russian)

Sychenko G. B. Korreljazija verbalnoj I muzykalnoj struktur shorskogo shamanskogo teksta //Gumanitarnyje nauki Sibiri. – Novosibirsk, 2002. – S. 60–65. (in Russian)

Shorskiy folklor [Shor folklore]. Recording, translation, introduction, notes by N. P. Dyrenkova. – M.; L., AN USSR, 1940. – 448 s. (in Russian)

Funk D. A. Teleutskoe shamanstvo: traditsionnye etnographicheskie interpretatsii I novye issledovatelskie vozmozhnosti [Teleut shamanic; tradition ethnographic interpretations and new research possibilities] – M., 1997. – 268 s. (in Russian)

Folklor shorzev [Folklore of the Shor people]. Compiled by L. N. Arbachakova. (Pamyatniki folklora narodov Sibiri i Dal’nego Vostoka. Vol. 28 [Monuments of folklore of the peoples of Siberia and the Far East. Vol. 28]). – Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2010. – 608 s. (in Russian)

( 689.84 kB ) ( 661.3 kB )

Issue: 2, 2018

Series of issue: Issue 2

Rubric: ANTHROPOLOGY

Pages: 75 — 79

Downloads: 910