ETHNONYMS AS A CONSTITUENT PART OF THE REGIONAL ONOMASTICON: THE NORTH-EAST OF RUSSIA AND THE ETHNONYMS CHUKCHA AND CHUKCHANKA AS THE EXAMPLES

Teikin Mikhail Spartakovich

DOI: 10.23951/2307-6119-2020-2-77-89

Information About Author:

Teikin Mikhail Spartakovich – postgraduate student of Russian philology and journalism department. North-Eastern State University. Portovaya str., build. 13, Magadan, Russia, 685000. E-mail: teikin-ms@mail.ru

Regional onomastics is an entangled system that involves names circulating in a specific region, which can be relatively well-known or almost unfamiliar outwards. Today, onomastics is an independent branch of science having as its subject of study both lexemes certainly related to proper names (e. g.: toponyms, hydronyms) and lexemes which lie at the border of propriatives and appellatives, including ethnonyms. Region’s onyms studying helps to find out linguistic links between non-related neighbouring languages, to elicit dialectal features, to discover the places of peoples’ previous habitation, to identify cultural interaction and language borrowings – for that reason this topic is of particular relevance. Regional onyms can be regionalisms from the angle of regional linguistics, insofar as they are representative of a particular locality, but are of little notice or almost unknown beyond of it. This article introduces the concept of onomastic regionalism for clearer description of local onomastic realities in the context of regional linguistics and indicates the difference of onomastic regionalism from the term regional onym. As a rule, ethnonyms of small-numbered peoples do not have wide distribution outside their bearers’ places of residence; for that reason, the author considers them onomastic regionalisms. The study of small ethnic and subethnic groups’ names in Russia it still not sufficient from the point of their regional component, this relates especially to the ethnonyms of the Russian North-East; in that regard, the present topic still abides high relevance of research. The ethnonyms of the Russian North- Eastern indigenous peoples do not have detailed investigation from the position of their involvement in the Far Eastern regional onomasticon. In the present paper the author restrains at investigation of two ethnonyms of one small-numbered people in the Russian North-East – Chukchi; he describes its men and women’s official names, Chukcha and Chukchanka, from the view of the lexical units’ simultaneous attribution to literary language and regiolect. This paper is a theoretical study of the question that the ethnonyms Chukcha and Chukchanka belong to onomastic regionalisms. The author gives a practical example of the Chukcha ethnonym transition from the regiolect to the core of the literary language and gives the reasons why the female derivative of this ethnonym, Chukchanka, remains in the language periphery and of little notice outside Chikchi’s habitat.

Keywords: onomastics, onomasticon, onym, ethnonym, micro-ethnonym, Russian North-East, regionalism (lingustic), onomastic regionalism, regional onym, Chukcha (male Chukchi), Chukchanka (female Chukchi)

References:

Bolʹshoj tolkovyj slovarʹ russkogo jazyka [Russian language big defining dictionary] / Chief ed. S. A. Kuznetsov. – Saint Petersburg: Norint, 2003. – 1536 p. (in Russian)

Bondaletov V. D. Russkaja onomastika [Russian onomastics]. – Moscow: Prosveshchenie, 1983. – 224 p. (in Russian)

Berkutova V. V. Feminativy v russkom jazyke: istoricheskij aspect [Feminatives in the Russian language: historical aspect] // Philological aspect. – 2018. – No. 11 (43). – P. 6–22. (in Russian)

Burykin A. A. Istoriko-ėtnograficheskie i istoriko-kulʹturnye aspekty izuchenija onomasticheskogo prostranstva regiona. Ocherki po toponimike i ėtnonimike Vostochnoj Sibiri [Historical-ethnographic and historical-cultural aspects of onomastic space studying of the region. Essays on place and ethnonym names of Eastern Siberia]. – Saint Petersburg: Centre for Oriental Studies publ., 2006. – 224 p. (in Russian)

Beletskiy A. A. Leksikologija i teorija jazykoznanija (onomastika) [Lexicology and theory of linguistics (onomastics)]. – Kiev: Kiev University publ., 1972. – 210 p. (in Russian)

Velykyj tlumachnyj slovnyk suchasnoji ukrajinsʹkoji movy [Big defining dictionary of contemporary Ukrainian language] / Ed. by V. T. Busel. – Kiev; Irpen: VTF “Perun”, 2005. – 1728 p. (in Ukrainian)

Gordova Yu. Yu. Lingvisticheskie problemy regionalʹnoj onomastiki (na materiale rjazanskoj toponimii i antroponimii) [Linguistic problems of regional onomastics (on material of Ryazan toponymy and anthroponymy)]: Doct. philol. sci. diss.: 10.02.21. – Moscow, 2018. – 573 p. (in Russian)

Zenzinov V. M. Starinnye ljudi u Kholodnogo okeana. Russkoe Ustʹe Jakutskoj oblasti Verkhojanskogo okruga [Ancient people near the Cold ocean. Russkoe Ustye of Yakutsk oblast in Verkhoyansk okrug] / Preface by V. V. Bogdanov. – Moscow: P. P. Ryabushinskiy’s typography, 1914. – 134 p. (in Russian)

Kulikova I. V. Olenʹ – v jazyke, zhizni i dushe chukchej [Reindeer – in the language, life and soul of Chukchi]. – Saint Petersburg: Lema, 2016. – 214 p. (in Russian)

Nikonov V. A. Ėtnonimija [Ethnonymics] // Ėtnonimy [Ethnonyms]. – Moscow: Nauka, 1970. – P. 5–33. (in Russian)

Novikova K. A. Ocherki dialektov ėvenskogo jazyka. Olʹskij govor [Essays on Even language dialects. Ola patois]. Pt. 1. – Moscow; Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences publ., 1960. – 264 p. (in Russian)

Novejshij bolʹshoj tolkovyj slovarʹ russkogo jazyka [Russian language newest big defining dictionary] / Chief ed. S. A. Kuznetsov. – Saint Petersburg: Norint; Moscow: RIPOL klassik, 2008. – 1536 p. (in Russian)

Ozhegov S. I. Tolkovyj slovarʹ russkogo jazyka [Russian language defining dictionary] / Ed. by prof. L. I. Skvortsov. 26th ed., updated and revised. – Moscow, 2008. – 736 p. (in Russian)

Resin A. A. Ocherk inorodtsev russkogo poberezhʹja Tikhogo okeana [Essay on indigenous dwellers of the Russian Pacific coast]. – Saint Petersburg: A. S. Suvorin’s typography, 1888. – 78 p. (in Russian)

Robbek V. A., Dutkin Kh. I., Burykin A. A. Slovarʹ ėvensko-russkij i russko-ėvenskij [Even-Russian and Russian-Even dictionary]. – Leningrad: Prosveshchenie, 1988. – 264 p. (in Russian)

Robbek V. A., Robbek M. Ye. Ėvensko-russkij slovarʹ [Even-Russian dictionary]. – Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2005. – 356 p. (in Russian)

Sirina A. A. Ėveny i ėvenki v sovremennom mire: samosoznanie, prirodopolʹzovanie, mirovozzrenie [Evens and Evenks in modern world: self-conscience, environmental management, worldview]. – Moscow: Oriental literature, 2012. – 604 p. (in Russian)

Sirotkina T. A. Ėtnonimy kak predmet regionalʹnoj lingvistiki [Ethnonyms as a subject of regional linguistics] // Ivzestia of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University. Series of philological sciences. 2005. No. 3 (12). P. 82–84. (in Russian)

Sirotkina T. A. Kategorija ėtnichnosti v russkom jazyke (na materiale ėtnonimii Permskogo kraja) [Category of ethnicity in Russian language (on material of Perm krai ethnonymy): Monograph. – Perm: Perm State Pedagogical University publ., 2008. – 216 p. (in Russian)

Sirotkina T. A. Aktualʹnye problemy sovremennoj ėtnonimiki [Acute problems of contemporary ethnonymy] // Vestnik of Perm University. 2011. Issue 4 (16). P. 53–59. (in Russian)

Slovarʹ russkogo jazyka [Russian language dictionary]. In 4 vol. / Ed. by A. P. Yevgenyeva. 4th ed., ster. – Vol. 4. – Moscow: Russian language, Poligrafresursy, 1999. – 736 p. (in Russian)

Slovarʹ sovremennogo russkogo literaturnogo jazyka [Contemporary Russian literary language dictionary]. In 17 vol. – Vol. 17. – Moscow; Leningrad: Nauka, 1965. – 2126 col. (in Russian)

Slovnyk ukrajinsʹkoji movy [Ukrainian language dictionary]. In 11 vol. – Vol. 11. – Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1980. – 700 p. (in Ukrainian)

Sokolyanskaya N. N. Teoreticheskie i prakticheskie zanjatija po regionalʹnoj leksike Krajnego Severo-Vostoka [Theoretical and practical lessons on regional lexicon of Far North-East] // Regionalʹnaja lingvistika (Krajnij Severo-Vostok Rossii) [Regional linguistics (Far North-East of Russia)] / Ed. by A. A. Sokolyanskiy. – Magadan: North-Eastern State University publ., 2016. – P. 57–84. (in Russian)

Superanskaya A. V. Obshchaja teorija imeni sobstvennogo [Common theory of proper name] / Resp. ed. A. A. Reformatskiy. – Moscow: Nauka, 1973. – 366 p. (in Russian)

Superanskaya A. V., Staltmane V. E., Podolskaya N. V., Sultanov A. Kh. Teorija i metodika onomasticheskikh issledovanij [Theory and methodology of onomastic researches] / Resp. ed. A. P. Nepokupny. – Moscow: LKI publ., 2007. – 256 p. (in Russian)

Khakhovskaya L. N. Ėtnonimicheskie protsessy u aborigenov Severo-Vostoka Rossii (na primere ėvenov i kamchadalov) [Ethnonymic processes of aborigines of the North-East of Russia (case study of the Evens and Kamchadals)] // Russia and APR. 2018. No. 4. P. 25–36. (in Russian)

Khimik V. V. Tolkovyj slovarʹ russkoj razgovorno-obikhodnoj rechi [Dictionary of Russian colloquial speech]. In 2 vol. – Vol. 2. – Saint Petersburg: Zlatoust, 2017. – 530 p. (in Russian)

Shcherbak A. S. Regionalʹnaja onomastika v kognitivnom aspekte [Regional onomastics in cognitive aspect]: Monograph. – Tambov: Tambov State University named for G. R. Derzhavin publ.; LLC “Tsentr-press”, 2008. – 197 p. (in Russian.)

Gardiner A. The Theory of Proper Names. A Controversial Essay. 2nd ed., 2nd impr. – London; New York; Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1957. – viii, 78 p.

( 417.13 kB ) ( 400.87 kB )

Issue: 2, 2020

Series of issue: Issue 2

Rubric: LINGUISTICS

Pages: 77 — 89

Downloads: 691