REFLECTION OF THE MULTICOMPONENT CULTURE OF THE KAZYM KHANTS IN FOLKLORE MATERIALS O GODDESS VUT IMI
DOI: 10.23951/2307-6119-2021-4-111-123
The most important component of the traditional culture of the Ob Ugrians are the cults of patron spirits-outstanding heroes-ancestors. In ancient times, the deified person gradually turned into a means of existence of society, the organization of its life. The cult of the ancestor can be considered as a cultural factor and even a cultural model of traditional society, which served the goals of survival and adaptation of people to new historical conditions, building relationships with the surrounding world. The article considers the image of one of the patron spirits of the Khanty people-the Kazim warrior goddess (also known in literature as Vut-imi or Kasum-nai, etc.), reflected in the folklore of the Kazim and other Khanty groups, Sosva Mansi and Nenets. The “history” of her life points to constant migrations and the development of new territories in ancient times, explains the contacts of the ancestors of the Kazim Khants with neighboring ethnic groups. The purpose of the work is to reveal the nature of interethnic and intraethnic relations of the Kazym Khants on the basis of folklore texts about the Vut by them, based on cultural-historical, descriptive, functional-semantic and typological methods, taking into account existing developments on this topic. As a historical and ethnographic source containing information about the intercultural communications of the Kazym Khants, the author considers both previously published songs, legends and legends about the Vut-im, including information about its zoomorphic images, attributes, epithets; as well as new material recorded by the author from informants. The author notes that the image of the main patron spirit of R. Kazym shows Permian features. Stable contacts with the Mansi territory are clearly expressed in the language, folklore, and cultural traditions. Khanty legends also indicate a significant influence of the Nenets culture (primarily in the field of reindeer husbandry). The mythology of the marriage relations of the goddess with the Khanty heroes reflects the kinship and nature of the intra-ethnic relations of the Khanty: the Kazim group with other local formations (Irtysh, Pim and other Khanty).
Keywords: Kazym goddess, Kazym Khanty, Sosva Mansi, Nenets, patron spirits, interethnic contacts
References:
Baulo A. V. Nyaras-nay-ekva [Nyaras-goddess-woman]. Mifologiya mansi [Mythology of Mansi]. Novosibirsk: Institute of Archeology and Ethnography SB RAS Publ., 2001, pp. 103–104. (In Russian)
Baulo A. V., Fedorova N. V. Figura dukha-pokrovitelya kazymskikh khantov [The figure of the patron spirit of the Kazym Khanty]. Arkheologiya, etnografiya i antropologiya Evrazii [Archeology, ethnography and anthropology of Eurasia], 2005, no. 3, pp. 140–150. (In Russian)
Dmitrieva T. N. Kazym i mansi [Kazym and Mansi]. Onomastika i dialektnaya leksika: sb. nauch. trudov [Onomastics and dialect vocabulary: collection of articles. scientific]. Ekaterinburg: Ural University Publ., 1999. vol. 3, pp. 53–66. (In Russian)
Erenburg B. A. Zagadki i mify zverinogo stilya [Riddles and myths of the animal style]. Perm': Senator Publ., 2017. 56 p. (In Russian)
Erenburg B. A. Zverinyy stil' [Animal style]. Perm': Senator Publ., 2014. 212 p. (In Russian)
Ernykhova O. D. Kazymskiy myatezh: Ob istorii Kazymskogo vosstaniya 1933–1934 gg. [Kazym rebellion: On the history of the Kazym uprising of 1933-1934]. Novosbirsk: Sibirskiy khronograf Publ., 2003. 160 p. (In Russian)
Fedoseeva E. L. Onomasiologicheskiy portret koshki (kan') v kul'ture i yazyke komi-permyakov [Onomasiological portrait of a cat (kan) in the culture and language of the Permian Komi]. Molodaya filologiya — 2018. Chelovek, kul'tura, sotsium. Materialy konferentsii [Young philology — 2018. Man, culture, society. Conference materials], Perm': Perm State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University Publ., 2018, pp. 195–201. (In Russian)
Goleva T. G. Mifologicheskie personazhi v sisteme mirovozzreniya komi-permyakov [Mythological characters in the Komi-Permian worldview system]. St. Petersburg: «Mamatov» Publ., 2011. 272 p. (In Russian)
Golovnev A. V., Perevalova E. V. Vozhdi obskikh ugrov i nentsev (po dannym fol'klora) [The leaders of the Ob Ugrians and Nenets (according to folklore)]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Istoriya [Bulletin of the Tomsk State University. History.], 2017, no. 49, pp. 115–122. (In Russian)
Golubkova O. V. Obraz zmei v demonicheskikh predstavleniyakh russkikh i komi [The image of a snake in the demonic representations of Russians and Komi]. Problemy arkheologii, etnografii, antropologii Sibiri i sopredel'nykh territoriy. Materialy godovoy sessii Instituta arkheologii i etnografii SO RAN [Problems of archeology, ethnography, anthropology of Siberia and adjacent territories. Materials of the annual session of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of the SB RAS]. Vol. XVI. Novosibirsk: Izd-vo IAET SO RAN Publ., 2010, pp. 383–387. (In Russian)
Gribova L. S. Permskij zverinyj stil' (problemy semantiki) [Perm animal style (problems of semantics)]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1975. 148 p. (In Russian)
Istochniki po etnografii Zapadnoy Sibiri [Sources on the ethnography of Western Siberia]. Tomsk: Tomsk University Publ., 1987. 284 p. (In Russian)
Kratkiy etimologicheskiy slovar' komi yazyka [Brief etymological dictionary of the Komi language]. Avt.-comp. V. I. Lytkin and E. S. Gulyaev. Moscow, 1970. 274 p. (In Russian)
Legendy i mify khantov [Legends and myths of the Khanty]. Authors-comp. V. M. Kulemzina and N. V. Lukinoy. Tomsk: Tomsk University Publ., 1973. 146 p. (In Russian)
Lehtisalo T. Entwurf einer Mythologie der Jurak-Samoeden [Mythology of the Yurako-Samoyed (Nenets)]. Helsinki: Societe Finno-ougrienne Publ., 1924. 174 p. (In German)
Lekhtisalo T. Mifologiya yurako-samoedov (nentsev) [Mythology of the Yurako-Samoyed (Nenets)]. Tomsk: Tomsk University Publ., 1998. 136 p. (In Russian)
Lobanova A. S. Yashcheritsa dzödzyv v kul'ture i v yazyke komi-permyakov. Onomasticheskiy i semasiologicheskiy aspekty [Lizard Dzodzyv in the culture and language of the Permian Komi. Onomastic and semasiological aspects]. Vestnik udmurtskogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Udmurt University], 2017, B. 27, vol.3. pp. 459–467. (In Russian)
Mify, predaniya, skazki khantov i mansi [Myths, legends, fairy tales of the Khanty and Mansi]. Translat. Khant., Mans., German. languages, comp., foreword. and note. N. V. Lukina, under total. ed. E. S. Novik. Moscow: Science. Main edition of oriental literature, 1990, pp. 388–400. (In Russian)
Moldanov T. A., Moldanova T. A. Bogi zemli kazymskoy [Gods of the Kazym land]. Tomsk: Tomsk University Publ., 2000. 114 p. (In Russian)
Nay-vәrt putrӑt. Legendy zemli bozhestvennoy [Legends of the Divine Land]. Author-comp R.M. Potpot. Khanty-Mansiysk: Print-Klass, 2011. 52 p. (In Russian, Khanty)
Sokolova Z. P. «Legendy Vut-Imi». Puteshestvie po Obi i ee pritokam k khanty i mansi ["Legends of Wut-Imi". Travel along the Ob and its tributaries to the Khanty and Mansi]. Surgut: «Severnyy dom» and the North-Siberian region. book publishing house, 1993. 77 p. (In Russian)
Sokolova Z. P. Izobrazhenie zhenskogo dukha s r. Kazym [Image of a female spirit from r. Kazym]. Itogi polevykh issledovaniy [Results of field research], Moscow: Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology RAS Publ., 2000, pp. 189–202. (In Russian)
Voldina T. V. Kartina mira v traditsionnykh kosmologicheskikh predstavleniyakh kazymskikh khantov [The picture of the world in the traditional cosmological concepts of the Kazym Khanty]. Uzlovye problemy sovremennogo finno-ugrovedeniya: Materialy I Vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii finno-ugrovedov [Key problems of modern Finno-Ugric studies: Materials of the I All-Russian scientific conference of Finno-Ugric studies]. Ch. ed. T. A. Arkhipov. Yoshkar-Ola: Mari polygraph.-ed. Combine Publ., 1995, pp. 111–112. (In Russian)
Voldina T. V., Ledkov V. K. Khantyysko-nenetskie shamanskie traditsii: opyt sopostavleniya [Khanty-Nenets shamanic traditions: the experience of comparison]. Kul'turnye i filologicheskie aspekty genezisa i transformatsii istoricheskikh obshchnostey korennykh narodov Yugry: kollektivnaya monografiya [Cultural and philological aspects of the genesis and transformation of historical communities of the indigenous peoples of Ugra: a collective monograph]. Vol. 3. Tyumen': «Siti-press» Publ., 2015, pp. 5–25. (In Russian)
Zenko-Nemchinova M. A. Sibirskie lesnye nentsy: Istoriko-etnograficheskie ocherki [Siberian Forest Nenets: Historical and Ethnographic Essays]. Ekaterinburg: Izd-vo «Basko» Publ., 2006. 272 p. (In Russian)
( 858.37 kB ) 
( 785.7 kB )
Issue: 4, 2021
Series of issue: Issue 4
Rubric: ANTHROPOLOGY
Pages: 111 — 123
Downloads: 562