NEW MATERIALS FROM THE STONE AGE SITE ARYSHEVSKOE 2 IN THE VALLEY OF THE RIVER YAYA (TOMSK REGION)
DOI: 10.23951/2307-6119-2022-4-121-133
The Aryshevskoe 2 site is currently located in one of the peripheral places of the West Siberian oecumene of the Stone Age people. It differs from other monuments in the area by the nature of the industry and the lack of absolute dating. These circumstances have led to resuming its exploration in 2019. The purpose of this article is to publish the materials obtained and the results of their analysis. A series of pits were excavated around the trenches already dug in 2000 on the side of the terrace. A collection of 427 artifacts was found during the excavations. The materials from 2000 and 2019 were studied using a number of methods: the method of analogies, descriptive statistics, and multivariate statistics. The cores show the predominance of the flat-flaking principle. In the case of the tools, the bifacial forms predominate, to which analogies can be found in the adjacent areas in the south and east. The chips are divided into 3 clusters according to technological criteria. This is the result of a cluster analysis of the size and morphology of their force bulbs and butts. Blades with a constantly reproducible shape predominate over flakes with a wide variety of shapes. The collection of tools appears to be typical of the Late Paleolithic. In addition, the collection also contains tools that are atypical for this period. The reasons for their distinction are described in detail in a separate part of the article. The result of the study is the determination of the characteristic features of the industry and the relative time of its existence. The industry is distinguished from similar Paleolithic sites by its characteristic lamellar and bifacial artifacts. Chips with features of percussion dominate the overall statistics, despite the division into three groups of chips according to the results of cluster analysis. The prospect of further study of this site is evident in the spatial analysis of the distribution of artifacts and in the absolute dating of the deposits they contain.
Keywords: Yaya, Aryshevskoe, Late Paleolithic, Neolithic, stratigraphy, statistics, typology, Tomsk region
References:
Anisyutkin N. K. Opyt ispolzovaniya massivnosti skolov kak pokazatelya otnositelnoi khronologii v paleolite [Experience in using the massiveness of chips as an indicator of relative chronology in the Paleolithic] // Metodicheskie problemy arkheologii Sibiri. Novosibirsk, Nauka, 1988. P. 97–106 (in Russian).
Belikova O. B. Perspektiva issledovaniya pamyatnikov neolita i bronzovogo veka v srednem Prichulyme (k arkheologicheskoi karte Tomskoi oblasti) [Prospects for the study of Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in the middle Chulym region (to the archaeological map of the Tomsk region)] // Materialy i issledovaniya kulturno-istoricheskikh problem narodov Sibiri: sbornik statei. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 1995. P. 7–35.
Girya E. Yu., Nekhoroshev P. E. Nekotorye tekhnologicheskie kriterii arkheologicheskoi periodizatsii kamennykh industrii [Some technological criteria for the archaeological periodization of stone industries] // Soviet archeology. 1993. No 4. P. 5–24 (in Russian).
Gorbunov M. G. K izucheniyu yaiskogo gorizonta kremnistykh porod v Zapadnoi Sibiri [On the study of the Yaya horizon of siliceous rocks in Western Siberia] // Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 1960. Vol. 133, No 2. P. 427–430 (in Russian).
Grebneva G. I. Katalog arkheologicheskogo sobraniya Tomskogo oblastnogo kraevedcheskogo muzeya [Catalog of the archaeological collection of the Tomsk Regional Museum of Local Lore]. Tomsk: TSU Publ., 2017. 554 p.
Derevyanko A. P., Molodin V. I., Zenin V. N., Leshchinskii S. V., Mashchenko E. N. Pozdnepaleoliticheskoe mestonakhozhdenie Shestakovo [Late Paleolithic Shestakovo site]. Novosibirsk: IAET SB RAS Publ., 2003. 168 p.
Zenin V. N., Leshchinskii S. V. Novoe paleoliticheskoe mestonakhozhdenie v Tomskoi oblasti (predvaritelnoe soobshchenie) [A new Paleolithic site in the Tomsk region (preliminary report)] // Problemy arkheologii, etnografii, antropologii Sibiri i sopredelnykh territorii: materialy VI godovoi itogovoi sessii Instituta arkheologii i etnografii SO RAN. Novosibirsk: IAET SB RAS Publ., 1998a. P. 98–102.
Zenin V. N., Leshchinskii S. V. Novye dannye o paleoliticheskom mestonakhozhdenii Voronino-Yaya v Tomskoi oblasti [New data on the Paleolithic site of Voronino-Yaya in the Tomsk region] // Problemy arkheologii, etnografii, antropologii Sibiri i sopredelnykh territorii: materialy VI godovoi itogovoi sessii Instituta arkheologii i etnografii SO RAN. Novosibirsk: IAET SB RAS Publ., 1998b. P. 96–97.
Zenin V. N., Leshchinskii S. V., Postnov A. V., Borisov M. A. Issledovanie paleoliticheskogo mestonakhozhdeniya Aryshevskoe 2 [Study of the Paleolithic site Aryshevskoe 2] // Problemy arkheologii, etnografii, antropologii Sibiri i sopredel'nykh territorii. Novosibirsk: IAET SB RAS Publ., 2000. Vol. 6. P. 137–140 (in Russian).
Zenin V. N., Leshchinskii S. V. Nakhodka bifasa v doline nizhnego Chulyma (yugo-vostok Zapadno-Sibirskoi ravniny) [Finding a biface in the valley of the lower Chulym (southeast of the West Siberian Plain)] // Evolyutsiya zhizni na Zemle: materialy V mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma. Tomsk: TSU Publ., 2018. P. 208–210.
Zenin V. N. Osnovnye etapy osvoeniya Zapadno-Sibirskoi ravniny paleoliticheskim chelovekom [The main stages of the development of the West Siberian Plain by Paleolithic man] // Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia. 2002. No 4. P. 22–44 (in Russian).
Ivanova G. M., Shatskii S. B., Alyabeva V. I., Kostenich A. V., Artsyukhevich M. A. Geologicheskaya karta SSSR masshtaba 1:200000. Seriya Ketskaya. List O-45-XXVII – Yaya. Obyasnitelnaya zapiska [Geological map of the USSR, scale 1:200000. Ketskaya series. Sheet O-45-XXVII – Yaya. Explanatory note]. L.: VSEGEI, 1966, 89 p.
Kashchenko N. F. Skelet mamonta so sledami upotrebleniya nekotorykh chastei tela etogo zhivotnogo v pishchu sovremennym emu chelovekom [Mammoth skeleton with traces of consumption of some parts of the body of this animal for food by modern man] // Zap. Imp. Akademii nauk. SPb., 1901, bd. VIII: Vol. 11, No 7. 60 p.
Kiryushin Yu. F., Maloletko A. M. Geograficheskoe rasprostranenie slivnykh kvartsitovidnykh peschanikov – syrya dlya izgotovleniya orudii v epokhi neolita i bronzy [Geographical distribution of drain quartzite sandstones – raw materials for the manufacture of tools in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages] // Drevnie gornyaki i metallurgi Sibiri: mezhvuzovskii sbornik nauchnykh statei. Barnaul: AGU Publ., 1983. P. 3–19.
Laryukov A. I. Arkheologicheskie pamyatniki v srednem techenii r. Yai [Archaeological sites in the middle reaches of the Yaya River] // Reports of the Laboratory of Archaeological Research, 1967, Vol. 1. P. 111–113 (in Russian).
Makarov S. S., Zolnikov I. D., Anoikin A. A., Rezvyi A. S., Postnov A. V., Vybornov A. V. Osvoenie Nizhnego Priobya v pozdnem pleistotsene po arkheologicheskim dannym [Assimilation of the Lower Ob in the Late Pleistocene According to Archeological Data] // Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology, 2021, Vol. 20, No. 5. P. 43–54. DOI 10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-5-43-54 (in Russian).
Matyushchenko V. I. Yaiskii neoliticheskii mogilnik [Yaya Neolithic burial ground] // Proceedings of TSU. 1963. Vol. 165. P. 97–103 (in Russian).
Metodika obrabotki kollektsii [Collection processing technique]. Novosibirsk: NSU Publ., 2013. 390 p.
Pavlenok K. K., Belousova N. E., Rybin E. P. Atributivnyi podkhod k rekonstruktsii "operatsionnykh tsepochek" rasshchepleniya kamnya [Attributive approach to reconstruction of "chaine operatoire" of knapped technology] // Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology, 2011, Vol. 10, No. 3. Archeology and ethnography. P. 35–46 (in Russian).
Pavlenok G. D., Pavlenok K. K. Udarnye tekhniki skola v kamennom veke: obzor anglo- i russkoyazychnoi literatury [Percussion flaking in the Stone Age: review of English and Russian published sourses] // Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology. 2012. Vol. 12, No. 7. P. 29–37 (in Russian).
Pavlenok G. D., Pavlenok K. K. Tekhnika otzhima v kamennom veke: obzor anglo- i russkoyazychnoi literatury [Pressure technique in the Stone Age: review of English and Russian published sources] // Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology. 2014. Vol. 13, No. 5. P. 26–36 (in Russian).
Petrin V. T. Paleoliticheskie pamyatniki Zapadno-Sibirskoi ravniny [Paleolithic sites of the West Siberian Plain]. Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ., 1986. 144 p. (in Russian)
Issue: 4, 2022
Series of issue: Issue 4
Rubric: ANTHROPOLOGY
Pages: 121 — 133
Downloads: 395