BASIC MEANS AND SOME IDIOETHNIC SPECIFICITY OF MARKING COMPONENTS OF LOCATIVE CATEGORY IN KET LANGUAGE
The research project deals with the analysis and description of the semantic category of location and motion in the Ket language using the approach advanced in the framework of the Theory of Functional Grammar as advanced by A. V. Bondarko and his research team. The investigation uses a notion of locative construction which includes three basic components: the object being localized (Figure, in L. Talmy’s notation), the reference object, or landmark (Ground) and spatial relations between the former and the latter. The semantic types of locative constructions based on the static and dynamic types of spatial relations, and topological and non-topological characteristics of spatial relations have been distinguished. The analysis of the basic language means of expressing spatial relations in Ket which include lexical items (motion and posture verbs, locative adverbs), grammatical items (case markers, locative postpositions), incorporated, and syntactic means (simple and polypredicative clauses) has been done. The research project examines the locational and directional markers on the components of static and dynamic spatial situations which include case markers, locative postpositions and adverbs differentiating essive, allative, elative and prolative meanings. The idioethnic specificity of marking spatial relations has been shown. The specificity consists in double subject marking of motion verbs, possibility of deriving transitive causative motion verbs from the corresponding intransitive motion verbs by adding one more subject agreement slot containing a subject marker which is co-referent with the subject marker of the original intransitive verb, the availability of incorporated motion verbs, аmong others. The notion of the non-verbal predicate as understood by Kees Hengeveld is proposed to be applied to the Ket material. The principal means of marking non-verbal predicates which involve personal and non-personal predicative suffixes are considered. The classification of the structural types of non-verbal locative predicates has been accomplished. As a result, the personal-predicative and non-personal-predicative predicates have been identified. The former are represented by substantive, substantive-postpositional, pronominal, pronominal-postpositional, adverbial predicates as well as some spatial nouns, and the latter – only by substantive-postpositional predicates.
Keywords: Ket language, Theory of functional Grammar, static situations, dynamic situations, different-level means of coding spatial relations, non-verbal predicates
References:
Bondarko A. V. Lokativnost’. Vstupitel’nyye zamechaniya [Locative. Introductory remarks]. Teoriya funktsional’noy grammatiki.
Lokativnost’. Bytiynost’. Posessivnost’. Obuslovlennost’ [Theory of functional grammar. Locativeness. Existentialness. Possessiveness. Conditionality]. Saint-Petersburg, Nauka Publ., 1996. Pp. 5–6 (in Russian).
Butorin S. S. Osnovnyye sredstva vyrazheniya kategorii lokativnosti v ketskom yazyke [The main means of expression locative category in the Ket language]. Podvizhniki sibirskoy fi lologii: V. A. Avrorin, E. I. Ubryatova, V. M. Nadelyaeev: tezisy dokladov Vserossiyskoy nauchnoy konferentsii (Novosibirsk, 27–29 sentyabrya 2007 g.) [Devotees of Siberian Philology: V. A. Avrorin, E. I. Ubryatova, V. M. Nadelyaev: abstracts of All-Russian Scientifi c Conference (Novosibirsk, 27–29 September 2007)]. Novosibirsk, 2007. Pp. 68–71 (in Russian).
Verner G. K. Slozhnyye atributivnyye konstruktsii v eniseyskikh yazykakh [Sophisticated attributive constructions in the Yenisei languages]. Voprosy yazykoznaniya – Problems of Linguistics, 2000, no. 3, pp. 42–49 (in Russian).
Gak V. G. Funktsional’no-semanticheskoe pole predikatov lokalizatsii [Functional-semantic fi eld of predicates of localization]. Teoriya funktsional’noy grammatiki. Lokativnost’. Bytiynost’. Posessivnost’. Obuslovlennost’ [Theory of functional grammar. Locativeness.
Existentialness. Possessiveness. Conditionality]. Saint-Petersburg, Nauka Publ., 1996. Pp. 6–26 (in Russian).
Grammatika sovremennogo russkogo literaturnogo yazyka [The grammar of modern Russian literary language]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1970. 767 p. (in Rusiian).
Grishina N. M. Padezhnye pokazateli i sluzhebnye slova v strukture slozhnogo predlozheniya ketskogo yazyka: avtoref. dis. kand. fi lol. nauk [Case indicators and function words in the structure of a complex sentence of Ket. Abstract of thesis cand. philol. sci.]. Leningrad, 1979. 30 p. (in Russian).
Dul’zon A. P. Ocherki po grammatike ketskogo yazyka [Essays on the grammar of Ket]. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 1964. 220 p. (in Russian).
Dul’zon A. P. Ketskie skazki [Ket tales]. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 1966a. 173 p. (in Russian).
Dul’zon A. P. Ketskie teksty [Ket texts]. Voprosy lingvistiki. Uchenyye zapiski Tomskogo gos. un-ta [Questions of linguistics. Scientifi c notes of TSU]. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 1966b, no. 59, pp. 3–30 (in Russian).
Dul’zon A. P. Materialy po ketskoy dialektologii [Materials on Ket dialectology]. Yazyki i toponimiya Sibiri [Languages and Toponymy of Siberia]. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 1970, no. 3, pp. 81–12 (in Russian).
Dul’zon A. P. Ketskie skazki i drugie teksty [Ket fairy tales and other texts]. Ketskiy sbornik. Mifologiya. Etnografi ya. Teksty [Ket collection. Mythology. Ethnography. Texts]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1969. Pp. 167–212 (in Russian).
Dul’zon A. P. Skazki narodov Sibirskogo Severa [Tales of the Siberian North]. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 1972a, no. 1, 203 p. (in Russian).
Dul’zon A. P. Materialy po ketskoy dialektologii [Materials on Ket dialectology]. Yazyki i toponimiya Sibiri [Languages and Toponymy of Siberia]. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 1972b, no. 5, pp. 104–145 (in Russian).
Kotorova E. G. Vremya i prostranstvo: spetsifi ka kontseptual’nogo osmysleniya i yazykovoy reprezentatsii [Time and space: the specifi city of the conceptual thinking and language representation]. Prostranstvo i vremya v yazykakh raznoy tipologii: sb. nauchnykh trudov po materialam XXV mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii “Dul’zonovskii chteniya” (Tomskiy gosydarstvennyy pedagogicheskiy universitet, 26–29 iyunya 2008 g.) [Space and Time in the languages of different typologies: Sat. scientifi c papers on materials XXV international conference “Dulzon Readings” (Tomsk State Pedagogical University, 26–29 June 2008)]. Tomsk, Veter Publ., 2008. Pp. 23–31 (in Russian).
Koshkareva N. B. Sintaksicheskie sredstva vyrazheniya prostranstvennykh otnosheniy (na materiale ural’skikh i tungus-man’chzhurskikh yazykov Sibiri) [Syntactic means of expressing spatial relations (based on Ural and Tungus languages of Siberia)]. Puti formirovaniya lingvisticheskogo landshafta Sibiri [Ways of formation of the linguistic landscape of Siberia]. Novosibirsk, 2005. Pp. 74–119 (in Russian).
Kreynovich E. A. Glagol ketskogo yazyka [Verb in the Ket language]. Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1968a. 284 p. (in Russian).
Kreynovich E. A. O grammaticheskom vyrazhenii imennykh klassov v glagole ketskogo yazyka. [About grammatical classes in terms of nominal verb in the Ket language]. Ketskiy sbornik. Lingvistika [Ket collection. Linguistics]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1968b.
Pp. 139–195 (in Russian).
Kreynovich E. A. Obryad kormleniya “dorozhnoy starukhi” u ketov [The Ket ritual of feeding the "road old woman"]. Ketskiy sbornik. Mifologiya. Etnografi ya. Teksty [Ket collection. Mythology. Ethnography. Texts]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1969. Pp. 236–242 (in Russian).
Kryukova E. A. Sredstva vyrazheniya prostranstvennykh i vremennykh otnosheniy v ketskom yazyke [Means of expression of spatial and temporal relations in the Ket language]. Prostranstvo i vremya v yazykakh raznoy tipologii: sb. nauchnykh trudov po materialam XXV mezhdunarodnoy konferentsii “Dul’zonovskii chteniya” (Tomskiy gosydarstvennyy pedagogicheskiy universitet, 26–29 iyunya 2008 g.) [Space and Time in the languages of different typologies: Collection of scientifi c papers on materials of the XXV international conference “Dulzon Readings” (Tomsk State Pedagogical University, 26–29 June 2008)]. Tomsk, Veter Publ., 2008. Pp. 31–39 (in Russian).
Mal’tseva A. A. Grammaticheskie sredstva vyrazheniya prostranstvennykh otnosheniy (na materiale chukotsko-koryakskikh yazykov) [Grammatical means of expressing spatial relations (based on the Chukchi-Koryak language)]. Puti formirovaniya lingvisticheskogo landshafta Sibiri [Ways of formation of the linguistic landscape of Siberia]. Novosibirsk, 2005. Pp. 42–74 (in Russian).
Nevskaya I. A. Prostranstvennye otnosheniya v tyurskikh yazykakh Sibiri (na materiale shorskogo yazyka) [Spatial relations in the Turkic languages of Southern Siberia (based on Shor)]. Novosibirsk, 2005. 305 p. (in Russian).
Pavlenko L. G. Tipologiya ketskikh glagolov dvizheniya: avtoref. dis. ... kand. fi lol. nauk [Typology of the Ket verbs of motion. Abstract of thesis cand. philol. sci.]. Moscow, 1986 (in Russian).
Plungyan V. A. O spetsifi ke vyrazheniya imennykh prostranstvennych kharakteristik v glagole: kategoriya glagol’noy orientatsii [On the specifi cs of the spatial characteristics of the expressions registered in the verb: the category of verbal orientation]. Issledovaniya po teorii grammatiki. Vyp. 2: Grammatikalizatsiya prostranstvennykh znacheniy v yazykakh mira [Investigations in the theory of grammar. Vol. 2: Grammaticalisation of the spatial values in the languages of the world]. Moscow, Russkie slovari Publ., 2002. Pp. 57–98 (in Russian).
Polinskaya M. S. Inkorporirovannoe slovo v chukotskom yazyke [Incorporated word in the Chukchi language]. Morfema i problemy tipologii [Morpheme and problems of typology]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1991. Pp. 357–386 (in Russian).
Skazki narodov Sibirskogo Severa [Tales of the Siberian North]. Tomsk, TSU Publ., 1981, no. 4, 188 p. (in Russian).
Sherer V. E. Poslelozhnye konstruktsii v ketskom yazyke: avtoref. dis. ... kand. fi lol. nauk [Poslelozhnye designs in Ket. Abstract of thesis cand. philol. sci.]. Leningrad, 1983 (in Russian).
Shilova V. V. Prostranstvennye modeli elementarnykh prostykh predlozhehiy v nenetskom yazyke [Spatial Model of elementary simple sentences in the Nenets language]. Novosibirsk, 2003, no. 1, 106 p.; no. 2, 184 p. (in Russian).
Bickel B., Nichols J. Infl ectional morphology. 2001. Draft. URL: http://www.uni-leipzig.de/~autotyp/download
Hengeveld K. Non-verbal Predication. Theory, Typology, Diachrony. Berlin – New York, Mouton de Gruyter, 1992. 321 p.
Talmy L. Lexicalization patterns: semantic structure in lexical forms. Ed. By T. Shopen. Language typology and syntactic description. Vol. 3: Grammatical categories and the lexicon. Cambridge, CUP, 1985. Pp. 57–149.
( 537.96 kB ) 
( 527.91 kB )
Issue: 2, 2015
Series of issue: Issue 2
Rubric: LINGUISTICS
Pages: 9 — 24
Downloads: 1370