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THE NAMES OF DAIRY PRODUCTS IN THE KHALKHA-MONGOLIAN, BURYAT AND KALMYK LANGUAGES. // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2019. Issue 4 (26). P. 28-38

A comparative analysis of vocabulary related to the group of dairy food products traditional for the nomadic cattle-breeding peoples of Central Asia – the Khalkha-Mongols, Buryats and Oirats, as well as Kalmyks. The research modern Mongolian languages, as well as materials of dialectological expeditions conducted by Valentin Ivanovich Rassadin from the 1970s to the 2000s in the Republic of Buryatia, Western Mongolia. All Mongolian peoples traditionally continue to breed five types of cattle – horses, cows, sheep, goats and camels, from which milk is obtained as a starting product for the preparation of a wide variety of dairy dishes by fermentation, distillation, straining, settling, boiling, drying or diluting with tea or water. It was possible to find out that dairy cattle breeding and methods of preparing many dairy products came to the ancient from the depths of centuries, along with the names from the ancient Turks and are still preserved among the modern Mongolian peoples. Considering the terms of dairy products in Mongolian languages, a list of terms in Mongolian language, have a complete analogy to modern. Above list of words clearly testifies that the terms of dairy farming have long been established in the Mongolian languages, most likely, back in the Mongolian era, when dairy farming was among the Mongol tribes. Further development of this layer of vocabulary, especially in terms of its, will shed light on the external influence, especially the Turkic languages, in which the terms of dairy products were formed, since a number of Mongolian terms have analogies in the Turkic languages, such as: turk. süt – milk, ajran – sour milk, qurut – dried cheeses, bїšlaq – home-made cheese, irimek – curd scum on the walls of the boiler from boiling sour milk, araqї – vodka.

Keywords: mongolian peoples, the ancient Turks, five kinds of cattle, horses, cows, sheep, goats, camels, milk, boiling, souring, distillation, filtering, drying, mixing

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FOOD VOCABULARY (DAIRY) IN TURKIC LANGUAGES OF SIBERIA // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2021. Issue 1 (31). P. 9-20

It is well known that among special lexical nominations dominate so called folk terms referred to as words or word combinations instrumental for nominating ideas of a certain professional field. Based on the traditional diet of Turkic peoples of Siberia, we conduct a comparative-historical, etymological, contrastive analysis of dairy names which are a crucial element of the material culture of peoples inhabiting vast taiga areas of Siberia and Russian Far East. It has been found that dialect vocabulary still has a notable impact on literary languages of the Altai, the Tuva, the Khakass, and the Yakut as evidenced by the fact that folk terms of traditional material culture enter their vocabulary, especially those from folklore, epic texts published by speakers of local dialects of Siberian languages. Diary names are not uniform in terms of their origin. They show a significant number of Mongolic, Tungusic, and Chinese elements along with Turkic roots. Dairy names include vocabulary resulting from formation and development of dialects. The given group of words in Turkic languages of Siberia reflects historical contacts with both related and non-related peoples.

Keywords: Turkic languages of Siberia, vocabulary, comparative method, dairy, semasiology

The Names of Large Domestic Animals in the Mongolian Languages in Comparison with the Bashkir Language and the Language of the Siberian Tatars // Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology. 2023. Issue 3 (41). P. 57-70

This study aimed to scientifically process and comparatively analyze the names of domestic animals in the Khalkha-Mongolian, Old Mongolian, Buryat, and Kalmyk languages to identify common terms and determine their general Mongolian character. For comparison, parallels from the Bashkir language and the language of the Siberian Tatars were used to identify common Turkic-Mongolian terms for livestock associated with the names of domestic animals. We were able to determine that many of these terms are borrowed, and we were also able to determine that the terms associated with the camel in the Khalkha-Mongolian, Buryat, Kalmyk, and non-written Mongolian languages have a Turkic origin. Mongolian terms for cattle are also Turkic. The terms associated with horses have no Turkic equivalent. Further study of this vocabulary layer, especially from the comparative-historical aspect, will make it possible to explain the external influence of the Mongolian languages under which the Mongolian terminology of domestic animals was formed because the Khalkha-Mongolian, Buryat, and Kalmyk terms have parallel terms in the Turkic languages such as azarga, hyuleg, zhoroo, argamag, agta.

Keywords: the Khalkha-Mongolian language, the Buryat language, the Kalmyk language, the Bashkir language, the language of the Siberian Tatars, horse, cattle, camel, the Mongolian languages, the Turkic languages